Cochrane features en

Group-based self-management education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

6 months 2 weeks ago
Group-based self-management education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of group-based self-management education for adults diagnosed with T2DM on clinical, lifestyle, and psychosocial outcomes in the short (six months to 10 months), medium (> 10 months up to 18 months), and long (> 18 months) term. To explore the intervention characteristics and processes that are aligned with effective group-based self-management education for people with T2DM. This is a protocol....

Can 'perfusion' machines improve the quality of livers donated for transplantation?

6 months 2 weeks ago
Can 'perfusion' machines improve the quality of livers donated for transplantation? Key messages – Cold machine perfusion improves liver transplantation when compared with the standard ice-box technique. – Warm machine perfusion does not seem to have these benefits, but might allow the transplant of donated livers that would otherwise not be used. What is the issue? Liver transplantation is the only chance of cure for thousands of people with liver failure or advanced liver cancers. Both of these conditions are becoming more common worldwide. This has caused an imbalance between...

How effective are medications and e-cigarettes for quitting smoking, and what works best?

6 months 2 weeks ago
How effective are medications and e-cigarettes for quitting smoking, and what works best? Key messages Some medicines and e-cigarettes (handheld devices that work by heating liquid that usually contains nicotine and flavourings) can help people to quit smoking for six months or longer. E-cigarettes, and the medicines cytisine (otherwise known as Tabex) and varenicline (otherwise known as Chantix and Champix), appear to help the most people to quit smoking, followed by using two types of nicotine replacement therapy at once (nicotine patch and another type, such as gum or lozenge). We need...

Lymphadenectomy or sentinel node biopsy for the management of endometrial cancer: a network meta-analysis

6 months 2 weeks ago
Lymphadenectomy or sentinel node biopsy for the management of endometrial cancer: a network meta-analysis This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lymphadenectomy and sentinel node biopsy for the management of women with endometrial cancer, comparing different head-to-head comparisons in a network meta-analysis, thereby allowing ranking of alternative treatment strategies. This is a protocol....

Early intervention for high risk smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM)

6 months 2 weeks ago
Early intervention for high risk smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of different early interventions for people with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma compared to placebo/observation alone. This is a protocol....

Changing shift worker's schedules to improve sleep quality and duration and reduce sleepiness

6 months 2 weeks ago
Changing shift worker's schedules to improve sleep quality and duration and reduce sleepiness Key messages • There is limited evidence that changes in shift schedules improve sleep quality, increase sleep duration, or reduce sleepiness. • More studies are needed to draw stronger conclusions about shift schedule changes on sleep and sleepiness. What can be done to improve shift workers' sleep? Shift work often leads to insufficient sleep that can compromise worker alertness, with ultimate effects on health and work safety. Changing shift work schedules is one method that may reduce the...

Tenofovir for children and adults with chronic hepatitis B

6 months 3 weeks ago
Tenofovir for children and adults with chronic hepatitis B This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of tenofovir versus no intervention or placebo for children and adults with chronic hepatitis B. This is a protocol....

How can we best filter systematic reviews in MEDLINE and Embase?

6 months 3 weeks ago
How can we best filter systematic reviews in MEDLINE and Embase? Key Messages A wide range of search filters to retrieve systematic reviews were evaluated. Although many had acceptable sensitivity (missed few relevant studies) and specificity (omitted irrelevant studies), no single filter can be recommended since most were derived from older sets of reviews that may not reflect current reporting characteristics and standards. What are search filters for systematic reviews? Search filters combine words and phrases to retrieve records with a common feature (e.g. study design, clinical topic)...

Which models exist for prediction of future disease outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis?

6 months 3 weeks ago
Which models exist for prediction of future disease outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis? Why is it important to study multiple sclerosis? Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the brain, spine, and nerves. Millions of people worldwide suffer from this disease, but the disease and how it progresses can be very different from person to person. Although MS cannot be cured, different treatments are available that can help reduce symptoms and slow the worsening of the disease. These treatments work differently, with some having more severe side effects than others. Understanding...

Platinum-containing chemotherapy for women before or after surgery for early triple-negative breast cancer

6 months 3 weeks ago
Platinum-containing chemotherapy for women before or after surgery for early triple-negative breast cancer Key messages Chemotherapy including the platinum-based medicine carboplatin improves survival and reduces the chance of cancer returning for people with early triple negative breast cancer. However, it is also associated with increased side effects. What is triple-negative breast cancer? Triple-negative breast cancer makes up 15% of breast cancer cases. It is a type of breast cancer that does not have any of the three receptors commonly found on breast cancer cells – the oestrogen,...

Can music and vocal interventions benefit preterm infants and their parents?

6 months 3 weeks ago
Can music and vocal interventions benefit preterm infants and their parents? Key messages • Music and vocal interventions probably reduce heart rates in preterm infants compared to standard care during the intervention. This beneficial effect was even more substantial and confident after the intervention suggesting a long-lasting relaxing and stabilising effect. • We found no harmful effects from music and voice. However, many studies did not explicitly explore the possibility of unwanted effects. • We found no evidence of any other clear beneficial or harmful effects of the interventions on...

TB-LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in children

6 months 3 weeks ago
TB-LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in children This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (diagnostic). The objectives are as follows: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TB-LAMP) for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in children with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Secondary objectives To compare the diagnostic accuracy of TB-LAMP and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in children with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. To compare the diagnostic...

Adding iron to condiments and seasonings for preventing anaemia and improving health

6 months 4 weeks ago
Adding iron to condiments and seasonings for preventing anaemia and improving health Key messages - Adding iron to condiments/seasonings may slightly improve iron status and reduce iron deficiency. When iron is added along with other micronutrients, it may reduce anaemia. Unwanted effects were not reported. - There was a lot of variation between the studies included in this review, making it more difficult to draw definitive conclusions. The effects of fortifying condiments and seasonings with iron should continue to be examined in populations consuming them through well-designed studies....

What factors influence a person's willingness to take part in a vaccine trial during an epidemic or pandemic?

6 months 4 weeks ago
What factors influence a person's willingness to take part in a vaccine trial during an epidemic or pandemic? What is the aim of this review? Vaccines are important for reducing the spread of infectious diseases during a pandemic such as COVID-19. Clinical trials test these vaccines to make sure that they are safe and effective. But it can be challenging to find enough people who are willing to take part in a vaccine trial for a pandemic or epidemic disease. The aim of this Cochrane Review of qualitative research (or 'qualitative evidence synthesis') was to find out what influences a...

What are the benefits and risks of different corticosteroid treatments delivered intravenously for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in infants born prematurely?

6 months 4 weeks ago
What are the benefits and risks of different corticosteroid treatments delivered intravenously for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in infants born prematurely? Key messages · In this review, we used network meta-analysis (NMA), a relatively new tool that allows comparisons between all relevant treatment options, including those that have not been directly compared with each other in previous clinical trials. · NMA was able to add a small amount of information to the existing data, most notably with comparisons between the effects of different corticosteroid doses for the...

Are interventions for fatigue effective among people with kidney failure requiring dialysis?

6 months 4 weeks ago
Are interventions for fatigue effective among people with kidney failure requiring dialysis? What is the issue? Fatigue is a frequent and debilitating symptom that can limit life participation in people receiving dialysis. Fatigue is linked to impaired quality of life, cardiovascular disease, death and depression in people on dialysis. Several potential interventions, including drugs or other non-pharmacological treatments (e.g. exercise, diet, massage, aromatherapy, acupressure), have been evaluated for their effect on fatigue in people on dialysis. What did we do? We evaluated whether...
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