Oral nutrition interventions in hospitalised older people at nutritional risk: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess in hospitalised older people with (risk of) malnutrition the effects of different nutrition interventions (e.g. supportive interventions, nutritional counselling, food modifications, oral nutritional supplements, comprehensive individualised nutritional interventions or combined approaches) compared to control groups (usual care, placebo or health education...

[Treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis: how well do tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors work?] Key messages Adalimumab appears to be beneficial for the treatment of JIA-associated uveitis while the evidence is very limited to etanercept. We did not find enough evidence to say whether these medications prevent vision loss; however, the studies may not have been long enough to detect changes in vision. Side-effects from TNF inhibitors are usually mild, although rare serious side effects can occur. What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis? Juvenile...

Fertility-sparing, surgical interventions for low-risk, non-metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To measure efficacy and safety of fertility-sparing surgical interventions, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, for the treatment of women with low-risk, non-metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (LR-NMGTN). This is a protocol....

C0133 Analgesics for intrauterine device placement This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To examine the effectiveness of analgesics for routine intrauterine device (IUD) placement on patient (e.g. pain, side effects, satisfaction) and provider outcomes (e.g. ease of placement, need for adjunctive placement measures, placement success) compared with placebo or no treatment. This is a protocol....

Boswellia for osteoarthritis This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of boswellia extracts (BEs), or formulations containing BEs for osteoarthritis. This is a protocol....

Splinting for dislocated and shallow hips in babies What are dislocated or shallow hips? Dislocated or shallow hips occur when the ball and socket at the end of the thighbone do not fit together. The medical term is ‘developmental dysplasia of the hip' (DDH). Shallow hips occur in 10 out of 1000 newborn babies, though dislocated hips are rarer, occurring in 1 in every 1000 newborns. Hips can be ‘dislocated’, unstable (i.e. easily fall out of the socket during examination) or ‘stable’ (i.e. located in the joint throughout examination). How are these hips treated? Shallow and dislocated hips...

Does collective leadership improve healthcare professionals' actions, patient health care and staff well-being? Key messages Collective leadership involves multiple professionals sharing viewpoints and knowledge. Based on the available evidence, we cannot be sure it makes much difference for professional actions, patient health care or staff well-being. Our confidence in these results varies from moderate to very low, severely limited by the low quality and number of included studies. What did we want to find out? We aimed to see whether experiences with collective leadership (as...

Which hormonal therapy works better for women with early failure of the ovaries? Key messages We only found three studies that looked at a variety of hormonal therapies in three different contexts. Based on the data from these small studies, we were unable to draw any clear conclusions. There is a need for adequately performed and sufficiently large studies to research the best hormonal therapies for women with early failure of the ovaries, in order to improve their chances of having a healthy pregnancy. What is early failure of the ovaries? Ovaries are a pair of glands that respond to, and...

SGLT2 inhibitors for treating diabetes in people with chronic kidney disease This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: This review aims to assess the benefits and harms of SGLT2 inhibitors for lowering glucose levels in people with diabetes and CKD. This is a protocol....

Survivor, family and professional experiences of interventions for sexual abuse and violence What is the aim of this review? The aim of this review was to explore the experiences of survivors of sexual abuse and violence who received interventions to support them and improve their health and well-being, as well as experiences of their family members and the professionals who delivered such interventions. To do this, we analysed 37 studies that described views and experiences of an intervention. Key messages - Survivors, their family members and professionals highlighted that the...

Human stem cells for decompensated cirrhosis in adults This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of stem cell treatment in adults with decompensated cirrhosis, regardless of ethnicity, sex, types of stem cells, route of stem cell injection, and administered dose. This is a protocol....

Impact of ovarian preservation on survival for women with endometrial carcinoma This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objective will be to evaluate the impact of ovarian preservation on survival outcomes of women with endometrial cancer, while secondary objectives will be to evaluate the impact of ovarian preservation on adverse events and quality of life (QoL). This is a protocol....

How effective are medications given alongside antipsychotics at preventing weight gain in people with schizophrenia? Key messages - Metformin may be effective in preventing weight gain caused by antipsychotics. - H2 antagonists and monoamine modulators may be slightly effective in preventing weight gain caused by antipsychotics. - Future studies should include more people and evaluate them for longer. What are antipsychotics? Antipsychotics are medications used to treat symptoms of psychosis, such as hallucinations, delusions and agitation. They are often used to treat people with...

Medical interventions for non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effectiveness and safety of different medical interventions in the treatment of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) in adults. This is a protocol....

Electromagnetic- or endoscopic-guided methods: which works better for placement of a feeding tube into the small bowel? Key messages - Due to a lack of robust evidence, it is unclear whether electromagnetic-guided placement is superior to endoscopic-guided placement when placing feeding tubes in the small intestine. - Electromagnetic-guided placement of feeding tubes probably costs less than endoscopic-guided placement. Background The use of a feeding tube to deliver nutrition via the intestine is important for treating people who are unhealthy, malnourished, or both, and who have a...

Do upper limb exercise programs work for arteriovenous fistula maturation in people with kidney failure? What is this issue? An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a special connection made between an artery and vein, creating a strong blood vessel which can then be accessed repeatedly during haemodialysis treatment. Once created, it usually takes six to eight weeks to develop (or mature) before it can be used. Maturation results in the joined vein becoming bigger and its walls becoming thicker and stronger due to the increased blood flow. Exercise programs may improve the time taken to mature...

Postpartum management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (0925) This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in the postpartum management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This is a protocol....

What proportion of preschool aged children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder retain their diagnosis one or more years later? Key messages - Nine out of 10 preschool aged children diagnosed with autism in a research setting may continue to meet diagnostic criteria one or more years later. - Due to lack of robust evidence, this finding may not be able to be generalised to children outside a research setting, and we were not able to identify any child or research study factors that influenced if a child retained their diagnosis. - Future research should focus on designing a robust study...

Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen (any dose) for acute postoperative pain management in children compared with placebo or other active comparators. To compare ibuprofen administered by different doses, routes (e.g. oral, intravenous, etc.), or strategies (e.g. as needed versus as scheduled). This is a protocol....

Can the medicine dexrazoxane prevent or reduce heart damage in adults and children with cancer receiving anthracyclines? Review question We reviewed the evidence regarding the effectiveness of the medicine dexrazoxane to prevent or reduce heart damage in children and adults with cancer treated with anthracycline chemotherapy. We also looked at the possible effects of dexrazoxane on antitumour effectiveness (that is, survival and tumour response rate), quality of life and adverse effects (i.e. unwanted or harmful effects of a treatment) other than cardiac damage. Background Anthracyclines are...